Brake calipers are essential components of a vehicle's braking system. When you press the brake pedal, hydraulic brake fluid travels through the brake lines to the calipers. This pressurization causes one or more pistons within the caliper to extend, pushing the brake pads against the rotors. The friction generated between the pads and rotors slows down or stops the vehicle.
- Friction Generation: Calipers apply pressure to brake pads, which creates the friction necessary to stop the vehicle.
- Heat Dissipation: As brakes engage, they generate heat. Calipers help dissipate this heat to prevent brake fade, ensuring consistent stopping power.
- Hydraulic Function: They convert hydraulic pressure from the brake fluid into mechanical force to clamp the brake pads onto the rotors.
- Sliding Calipers: These have a single piston that moves back and forth, applying pressure to the brake pads. They are simpler and more commonly used in many vehicles.
- Fixed Calipers: These have multiple pistons (usually two or more) that apply pressure evenly to both sides of the brake pads. They provide better performance, especially in high-performance vehicles.
Brake calipers play a critical role in the brake system. They are responsible for applying pressure to the brake pads, pressing them against the rotor to slow down or stop the vehicle.